California’s white sturgeon population continues to decline, according to new data released by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). Using a newly implemented, peer-reviewed survey method, biologists now estimate there are approximately 6,500 white sturgeon between 40 and 60 inches long — down sharply from the previous estimate of about 30,000 fish in that size range, based on 2016–2021 averages.
The new monitoring approach, launched in 2024 in collaboration with the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission and local sturgeon fishing guides, is the most comprehensive sturgeon population survey ever conducted in California. The survey uses a mark-recapture technique and statistical analysis to estimate the population, with sturgeon caught on baited lines, measured, tagged, and released. In addition to estimating the number of mid-sized fish, the method also captured a broader size range, allowing scientists to estimate a total of 19,000 white sturgeon between 10 and 87 inches in fork length statewide.
Biologists point to several factors that may be contributing to the species’ continued decline, including harmful algal blooms, poaching, historic sportfishing pressure, and poor environmental conditions in rivers and the Delta.
White sturgeon are currently a candidate for listing under the California Endangered Species Act and are fully protected while their status is under review. Recreational fishing is now restricted to catch-and-release only, with additional rules regarding seasons, fishing zones, and handling practices.
At its upcoming August 13 meeting, the California Fish and Game Commission is expected to consider whether to extend the current recreational catch-and-release regulations. Public comments will be accepted during the meeting.
For more details on the survey and ongoing conservation efforts, visit wildlife.ca.gov/Conserve-the-Sturg.
